As you walk through Lisbon, you often hear it before you see it: the rattling sound of a tram making its way through the narrow streets. The small yellow trams have become such a familiar part of the city that they almost feel like a symbol of Lisbon itself. And honestly, it’s also one of the most enjoyable ways to explore the city. What makes Lisbon different from many other cities is that these are not modern trams. They are compact historic carriages, specially adapted to the steep hills and narrow streets. They squeal through tight corners, pass so close to buildings that it almost feels impossible and climb hills that would leave most people breathless.
Read this article in DutchA piece of history that still feels alive
The tram history of Lisbon dates back to the late nineteenth century. The first trams were pulled by horses before eventually being replaced by electric models. What makes the system especially unique is that many of the classic yellow trams still operating today are largely based on designs from the 1930s. That is not simply a nostalgic choice, but also a practical one. In districts such as Alfama, the streets are simply too narrow for larger modern trams. These small and agile carriages are not only charming, they are perfectly suited to the city itself.
Tram 28: the classic route you shouldn’t miss
Without question, the most famous line is Tram 28. It is often described as a moving sightseeing route, and that is exactly what it feels like. The tram winds its way through some of the most beautiful and characteristic neighbourhoods in the city. It passes through Alfama, where the streets are so narrow that you almost feel close enough to touch the walls. From there, it continues towards Graça, known for its spectacular viewpoints overlooking the city. Districts such as Baixa and Estrela are also part of the route.
Along the way, you pass landmarks such as Sé de Lisboa and several miradouros, viewpoints that normally require quite a climb to reach on foot. Here, you simply stay seated while the tram does the hard work for you. One thing worth knowing, though: Tram 28 is extremely popular. During the day, it is often crowded, so if you really want to enjoy the ride, it’s best to board early in the morning or later in the evening.
The steepest rides: the real Lisbon experience
What truly makes Lisbon unique are its dramatic hills and elevation changes. To deal with these steep slopes, the city has a number of special trams known as elevadores, or funicular railways. Unlike the regular trams, these carriages are pulled up and down by cables. Sitting inside one of them really gives you a sense of just how steep the city actually is.
The Elevador da Bica is probably the most photogenic of them all. It travels through a narrow, steep street towards the river Tagus, creating one of those classic Lisbon views that has become instantly recognisable.
The Elevador do Lavra is the oldest in the city and feels noticeably quieter. Here, it’s less about sightseeing and more about experiencing a small piece of everyday local life away from the busiest tourist areas.
The Elevador da Glória is currently out of service. Following a serious accident in 2025, when one of the two trams rolled downhill uncontrollably and derailed, the line was suspended and has not yet reopened.
As you would expect, safety inspections and maintenance checks on these historic trams have since become even stricter before any future reopening is considered.
Why Lisbon’s trams are so photogenic
It’s easy to understand why photographers are so drawn to the trams of Lisbon. It’s the combination of everything together. The warm yellow colour of the trams contrasts beautifully with the pastel coloured buildings. The narrow streets create dramatic compositions, while the shifting light and shadows make every moment feel different. Add the movement of the tram itself and the scene instantly comes alive. And then there are the hills. Few cities have trams climbing and descending streets this steep. That alone gives photos here such a recognisable Lisbon atmosphere.
More tram lines worth taking
Although Tram 28 is the most famous, there are several other routes that are well worth exploring. Tram 12 follows a shorter route through Alfama and is often a little quieter. Tram 24 is another good option towards Estrela and tends to be less crowded than Tram 28. If you’re heading to Belém, perhaps to visit the famous tower or try a freshly baked pastel de nata, Tram 15 is the most practical choice. This line uses more modern trams, but it still forms part of Lisbon’s historic tram network. Not sure where to board, how tickets work or which routes are the most scenic? Then it’s worth looking into one of the organised tram tours in Lisbon.
Discovering Lisbon by tram
The trams of Lisbon are much more than a way to get from one place to another. They tell part of the story of the city itself, reflecting both its history and the way Lisbon has adapted to its steep landscape over the years. Whether you choose a ride on Tram 28, one of the steep funiculars or a quieter local line, sooner or later you’ll find yourself sitting inside one of those yellow carriages, watching the city slowly unfold outside the window. It’s one of those moments when you suddenly think: this really is Lisbon!
